General Information

  • ID:  hor002209
  • Uniprot ID:  P12706
  • Protein name:  Insulin-1 B chain
  • Gene name:  ins-a
  • Organism:  Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
  • Family:  Insulin family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Xenopus (subgenus), Xenopus (genus), Xenopodinae (subfamily), Pipidae (family), Pipoidea (superfamily), Anura (order), Batrachia (superorder), Amphibia (class), Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process; GO:0006006 glucose metabolic process; GO:0007165 signal transduction
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  LVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGDRGFFYYPKV
  • Length:  30
  • Propeptide:  MALWMQCLPLVLVLFFSTPNTEALVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGDRGFFYYPKVKRDMEQALVSGPQDNELDGMQLQPQEYQKMKRGIVEQCCHSTCSLFQLESYCN
  • Signal peptide:  MALWMQCLPLVLVLFFSTPNTEA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P12706-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002209_AF2.pdbhor002209_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 395948 Formula: C160H238N40O41S2
Absent amino acids: IMTW Common amino acids: L
pI: 7.41 Basic residues: 4
Polar residues: 10 Hydrophobic residues: 12
Hydrophobicity: 39.67 Boman Index: -741
Half-Life: 5.5 hour Half-Life Yeast: 3 min
Half-Life E.Coli: 2 min Aliphatic Index 107
Instability Index: 1807.33 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 4595
Absorbance 280nm: 158.45

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2722842
  • Title:  Xenopus laevis contains two nonallelic preproinsulin genes. cDNA cloning and evolutionary perspective.
  • PubMed ID:  2661211
  • Title:  Isolation and Characterization of Two Different Insulins From an Amphibian, Xenopus Laevis